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M. R. James
Montague Rhodes James (1 August 1862 – 12 June 1936), who used the publication name , was an English author, medievalist scholar and provost of King's College, Cambridge (1905–18), and of Eton College (1918–36).
Though James's work as a medievalist is still highly regarded, he is best remembered for his ghost stories, which are regarded as among the best in the genre. James redefined the ghost story for the new century by abandoning many of the formal Gothic clichés of his predecessors and using more realistic contemporary settings. However, James's protagonists and plots tend to reflect his own antiquarian interests. Accordingly, he is known as the originator of the "antiquarian ghost story".〔Briggs, Julia (1986). "James, M(ontague) R(hodes)". In Sullivan, Jack, ed., ''The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural''. New York: Viking Press. ISBN 0-670-80902-0〕
==Early life==
James was born in Goodnestone Parsonage, near Dover in Kent, England, although his parents had associations with Aldeburgh in Suffolk. His father was Herbert James, an Evangelical Anglican clergyman, and his mother, Mary Emily (''née'' Horton), was the daughter of a naval officer.〔Cox, Michael (1987). "Introduction". ''Casting the Runes and Other Ghost Stories'' by M. R. James. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. xi–xxx. ISBN 978-0-19-281719-8〕 He had two older brothers, Sydney and Herbert (nicknamed "Ber"), and an older sister, Grace.〔 Sydney James later became Archdeacon of Dudley.〔 From the age of three (1865) until 1909 James's home, if not always his residence, was at the Rectory in Great Livermere, Suffolk.〔 This had previously been the childhood home of another eminent Suffolk antiquary, "Honest Tom" Martin (1696–1771) "of Palgrave." Several of James's ghost stories are set in Suffolk, including "'Oh, Whistle, and I'll Come to You, My Lad'" (Felixstowe), "A Warning to the Curious" (Aldeburgh), "Rats" and "A Vignette" (Great Livermere). In September 1873 he arrived as a boarder at Temple Grove School, one of the leading boys' preparatory schools of the day.〔Jones, Darryl (2011). "Introduction". ''Collected Ghost Stories'' by M. R. James. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. xii. ISBN 978-019-956884-0〕 He lived for many years, first as an undergraduate, then as a don and provost, at King's College, Cambridge, where he was also a member of the Pitt Club. The university provides settings for several of his tales. Apart from medieval subjects, James studied the classics and appeared very successfully in a staging of Aristophanes' play ''The Birds'', with music by Hubert Parry. His ability as an actor was also apparent when he read his new ghost stories to friends at Christmas time.
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